TCG's MIDI-Info Page
TCG's MIDI-Info Page
| Instruments | Drums | Controllers, Etc. |
This page has been designed, above all, to clarify in what ways GM, GS, and QTMI "agree & disagree" in their use of instrument patches and drums (including names & numbers), and their compatibility in terms of MIDI controller messages. I've consulted various books, user manuals, and other Internet resources, but--to paraphrase Tom Waits--this ain't the gospel: it's only "church"!
1/98: Updated QTMI info to 3.0 version. . . .
I. -------- Instrument Patch Lists (GM/QTMI/GS-SC) --------
GM -- General MIDI patch names
QTMI -- that is, the Quick Time Musical Instruments software synthesizer
(QT 2.5 for Mac [_now 3.0_!])
+ -- an actual sample for the GM patch of the same name exists; if it
has a different name than the GM patch, said name is directly beneath the
"+" on the next line, in {curly brackets}: thus the GM Electric Piano 1
is called (more simply) a Rhodes Piano...
[#] -- no sample exists for this patch, so it "defaults"
to the patch # in [brackets]: for example, several of the brass instruments are actually
handled by the Trumpet patch [57]...
[Update: QTMI now has all 127 GM patches, so the above is obsolete, and the GM entries rather
redundant; NOW the "+" indicates that QTMI has the Roland GS patch to its right!]
GS/SC -- General Synthesizer patch name equivalents, plus the "extra" bank-select patches available in the SC-55mkII (= SC55/ST = SCD-15 = SCP-55 = JV-35?); newer and/or more expensive Sound Canvases have more banks, of course; also, the SC's MT-32 bank(127) patches aren't given here, since they aren't GM-compatible...
=============================================================
Patch # GM QTMI 3.0 GS:SC-55mkII
======= ============ ================== ================
PIANO (1-8)::
-------------
1 Acoustic Grand Piano Acoustic Grand Piano Piano 1
08 Piano 1w
+ 16 Piano 1d
2 Bright Acoustic Piano Bright Acoustic Piano Piano 2
08 Piano 2w
3 Electric Grand Piano Electric Grand Piano Piano 3
08 Piano 3w
4 Honky-Tonk Piano Honky-Tonk Piano Honky-tonk
08 Honky-tonk w
5 Electric Piano 1 Rhodes Piano E.Piano 1
+ 08 Detuned EP1
+ 16 E.Piano 1v
+ 24 60s E.Piano
6 Electric Piano 2 Chorused Piano E.Piano 2
+ 08 Detuned EP2
16 E.Piano 2v
7 Harpsichord Harpsichord Harpsichord
+ 08 Coupled Hps.
16 Harpsi.w
+ 24 Harpsi.o
8 Clav Clavinet Clav.
CHROMATIC PERCUSSION (9-16)::
-----------------------------
9 Celesta Celesta Celesta
10 Glockenspiel Glockenspiel Glockenspiel
11 Music Box Music Box Music Box
12 Vibraphone Vibraphone Vibraphone
08 Vib.w
13 Marimba Marimba Marimba
08 Marimba w
14 Xylophone Xylophone Xylophone
15 Tubular bells Tubular bells Tubular-bell
+ 08 Church Bell
+ 09 Carillon
16 Dulcimer Dulcimer Santur
ORGAN (17-24)::
---------------
17 Drawbar Organ Hammond Organ Organ 1
+ 08 Detuned Or.1
+ 16 60's Organ1
+ 32 Organ 4
18 Percussive Organ Percussive Organ Organ 2
+ 08 Detuned Or.2
+ 32 Organ 5
19 Rock Organ Rock Organ Organ 3
20 Church Organ Church Organ Church Org.1
+ 08 Church Org.2
+ 16 Church Org.3
21 Reed Organ Reed Organ Reed Organ
22 Accordion Accordion Accordion Fr
+ 08 Accordion It
23 Harmonica Harmonica Harmonica
24 Tango Accordian Tango Accordian Bandoneon
GUITAR (25-32)::
----------------
25 Acoustic Guitar(nylon) Acoustic Nylon Guitar Nylon-str. Gt.
+ 08 Ukulele
+ 16 Nylon Gt.o
32 Nylon Gt.2
26 Acoustic Guitar(steel) Acoustic Steel Guitar Steel-str. Gt.
08 12-str. Gt.
+ 16 Mandolin
27 Electric Guitar(jazz) Electric Jazz Guitar Jazz Gt.
+ 08 Hawaiian Gt.
28 Electric Guitar(clean) Electric Clean Guitar Clean Gt.
+ 08 Chorus Gt.
29 Electric Guitar(muted) Electric Guitar Muted Muted Gt.
+ 08 Funk Gt.
+ 16 Funk Gt.2
30 Overdriven Guitar Overdriven Guitar Overdrive Gt.
31 Distortion Guitar Distortion Guitar Distortion Gt.
+ 08 Feedback Gt.
32 Guitar Harmonics Guitar Harmonics Gt. Harmonics
+ 08 Gt. Feedback
BASS (33-40)::
--------------
33 Acoustic Bass Acoustic Fretless Bass Acoustic Bs.
34 Electric Bass(finger) Electric Bass Fingered Fingered Bs.
35 Electric Bass(pick) Electric Bass Picked Picked Bs.
36 Fretless Bass Fretless Bass Fretless Bs.
37 Slap Bass 1 Slap Bass 1 Slap Bass 1
38 Slap Bass 2 Slap Bass 2 Slap Bass 2
39 Synth Bass 1 Synth Bass 1 Synth Bass 1
+ 01 Synth Bass101
+ 08 Synth Bass 3
40 Synth Bass 2 Synth Bass 2 Synth Bass 2
+ 08 Synth Bass 4
+ 16 Rubber Bass
STRINGS & ORCHESTRA (41-48)::
-----------------------------
41 Violin Violin Violin
08 Slow Violin
42 Viola Viola Viola
43 Cello Cello Cello
44 Contrabass Contrabass Contrabass
45 Tremolo Strings Tremolo Strings Tremolo Str
46 Pizzicato Strings Pizzicato Strings Pizzicato Str
47 Orchestral Harp Orchestral Harp Harp
48 Timpani Timpani Timpani
ENSEMBLE (49-56)::
------------------
49 String Ensemble 1 Acoustic String Ensemble Strings
+ 08 Orchestra
50 String Ensemble 2 Acoustic String Ensemble 2 Slow Strings
51 SynthStrings 1 SynthStrings 1 Syn. Strings 1
+ 08 Syn. Strings 3
52 SynthStrings 2 SynthStrings 2 Syn. Strings 2
53 Choir Aahs Aah Choir Choir Aahs
+ 32 Choir Aahs 2
54 Voice Oohs Ooh Choir Voice Oohs
55 Synth Voice Synth Vox SynVox
56 Orchestra Hit Orchestra Hit Orchestra Hit
BRASS (57-64)::
---------------
57 Trumpet Trumpet Trumpet
58 Trombone Trombone Trombone
+ 01 Trombone 2
59 Tuba Tuba Tuba
60 Muted Trumpet Muted Trumpet Muted Trumpet
61 French Horn French Horn French Horn
+ 01 Fr.Horn 2
62 Brass Section Brass Section Brass 1
+ 08 Brass 2
63 Synth Brass 1 Synth Brass 1 Synth Brass 1
+ 08 Synth Brass 3
+ 16 Analog Brass 1
64 Synth Brass 2 Synth Brass 2 Synth Brass 2
+ 08 Synth Brass 4
+ 16 Analog Brass 2
REED (65-72)::
--------------
65 Soprano Sax Soprano Sax Soprano Sax
66 Alto Sax Alto Sax Alto Sax
67 Tenor Sax Tenor Sax Tenor Sax
68 Baritone Sax Baritone Sax Baritone Sax
69 Oboe Oboe Oboe
70 English Horn English Horn English Horn
71 Bassoon Bassoon Bassoon
72 Clarinet Clarinet Clarinet
PIPE (73-80)::
--------------
73 Piccolo Piccolo Piccolo
74 Flute Flute Flute
75 Recorder Recorder Recorder
76 Pan Flute Pan Flute Pan Flute
77 Blown Bottle Blown Bottle Bottle Blow
78 Shakuhachi Shakuhachi Shakuhachi
79 Whistle Whistle Whistle
80 Ocarina Ocarina Ocarina
SYNTH LEAD (81-88)::
--------------------
81 Lead 1 (square) Square Wave Square Wave
+ 01 Square
+ 08 Sine Wave
82 Lead 2 (sawtooth) Saw Wave Saw Wave
+ 01 Saw
+ 08 Doctor Solo
83 Lead 3 (calliope) Calliope Syn. Calliope
84 Lead 4 (chiff) Chiffer Chiffer Lead
85 Lead 5 (charang) Charang Charang
86 Lead 6 (voice) Solo Vox Solo Vox
87 Lead 7 (fifths) 5th Saw Wave 5th Saw Wave
88 Lead 8 (bass+lead) Bass & Lead Bass & Lead
SYNTH PAD (89-96)::
-------------------
89 Pad 1 (new age) Fantasy Fantasia
90 Pad 2 (warm) Warm Warm Pad
91 Pad 3 (polysynth) Polysynth Polysynth
92 Pad 4 (choir) Choir Space Voice
93 Pad 5 (bowed) Bowed Bowed Glass
94 Pad 6 (metallic) Metal Metal Pad
95 Pad 7 (halo) Halo Halo Pad
96 Pad 8 (sweep) Sweep Sweep Pad
SYNTH EFFECT (97-104)::
-----------------------
97 FX 1 (rain) Ice Rain Ice Rain
98 FX 2 (soundtrack) Sound Tracks Soundtrack
99 FX 3 (crystal) Crystal Crystal
+ 01 Syn Mallet
100 FX 4 (atmosphere) Atmosphere Atmosphere
101 FX 5 (brightness) Brightness Brightness
102 FX 6 (goblins) Goblins Goblin
103 FX 7 (echoes) Echoes Echo Drops
+ 01 Echo Bell
+ 02 Echo Pan
104 FX 8 (sci-fi) Space Star Theme
ETHNIC (105-112)::
------------------
105 Sitar Sitar Sitar
+ 01 Sitar 2
106 Banjo Banjo Banjo
107 Shamisen Shamisen Shamisen
108 Koto Koto Koto
+ 08 Taisho Koto
109 Kalimba Kalimba Kalimba
110 Bagpipe Bagpipe Bag pipe
111 Fiddle Fiddle Fiddle
112 Shanai Shanai Shanai
PERCUSSIVE (113-120)::
----------------------
113 Tinkle Bell Tinkle Bell Tinkle Bell
114 Agogo Agogo Agogo
115 Steel Drums Steel Drums Steel Drums
116 Woodblock Woodblock Woodblock
+ 08 Castanets
117 Taiko Drum Taiko Drum Taiko
+ 08 Concert BD
118 Melodic Tom Melodic Tom Melo Tom 1
+ 08 Melo Tom 2
119 Synth Drum Synth Drum Synth Drum
+ 08 808 Tom
+ 09 Elec Perc
120 Reverse Cymbal Reverse Cymbal Reverse Cym.
SOUND EFFECTS (121-128)::
-------------------------
121 Guitar Fret Noise Guitar Fret Noise Gt. Fret Noise
+ 01 Gt. Cut Noise
+ 02 String Slap
122 Breath Noise Breath Noise Breath Noise
+ 01 Fl. Key Click
123 Seashore Seashore Seashore
+ 01 Rain
+ 02 Thunder
+ 03 Wind
+ 04 Stream
+ 05 Bubble
124 Bird Tweet Bird Tweet Bird
+ 01 Dog
+ 02 Horse-Gallop
+ 03 Bird 2
125 Telephone Ring Telephone Ring Telephone 1
+ 01 Telephone 2
+ 02 Door Creaking
+ 03 Door
+ 04 Scratch
+ 05 Windchime
126 Helicopter Helicopter Helicopter
+ 01 Car-Engine
+ 02 Car-Stop
+ 03 Car-Pass
+ 04 Car-Crash
+ 05 Siren
+ 06 Train
+ 07 Jetplane
+ 08 Starship
+ 09 Burst Noise
127 Applause Applause Applause
+ 01 Laughing
+ 02 Screaming
+ 03 Punch
+ 04 Heartbeat
+ 05 Footsteps
128 Gunshot Gunshot Gunshot
+ 01 Machine Gun
+ 02 Lasergun
+ 03 Explosion
--------
* NOTE on QTMI's "Guitar Fret Noise": ResEdit shows that this
patch is "in" QTMI, but damned if I could ever get it to
sound! I could only wish MY frets were that QUIET....
[Update: I hear it in QT 3.0!]
Shown below are the drum note "pitch" numbers for General MIDI
& QTMI (#'s 35-81), and for the GS/SC-55mkII Standard Set (#27-87).
::::Notes::::
1) As a reference point, pitch number 60 = C3.
2) There seems to be no consistency, at least in the secondary
sources, regarding the spelling of "high" vs. "hi," the use of
hyphens (or not), the capitalization (or not) of compound names, etc.
3) The QTMI names, as far as I can tell, are not appreciably different enough
from GM to warrant any (semi-redundant) treatment, so I've just used a "+,"
to indicate a "ditto" relationship between GM & QTMI. (One source
does label the QMTI bass drum (36) as "Kick" and the side stick(37) as
"Rim Shot," but I'm beginning to assume that these are eccentrically
misleading designations.) QTMI info was difficult to find, even with ResEdit, and
for all I know, QTMI may be substituting drums as it does for the GM instruments....
Update: QT 3.0 now includes the full GS drum range, as well as the following GS kits: Room(8); Power(16); Electronic(24); TR-808 (Analog)(25); Brush(40); and Orchestra(48).
============================================================
Note # GM QTMI GS/SC-55mkII
======= ============ ====== ================
[87 + Open Surdo
[86 + Mute Surdo
[85 + Castanets
[84 + Bell Tree
[83 + Jingle Bell
[82 + Shaker
81 Open Triangle + Open Triangle
80 Mute Triangle + Mute Triangle
79 Open Cuica + Open Cuica
78 Mute Cuica + Mute Cuica
77 Low Wood Block + Low Wood Block
76 Hi Wood Block + High Wood Block
75 Claves + Claves
74 Long Guiro + Long Guiro
73 Short Guiro + Short Guiro
72 Long Whistle + Long Low Whistle
71 Short Whistle + Short Hi Whistle
70 Maracas + Maracas
69 Cabasa + Cabasa
68 Low Agogo + Low Agogo
67 High Agogo + High Agogo
66 Low Timbale + Low Timbale
65 Hi Timbale + High Timbale
64 Low Conga + Low Conga
63 Open Hi Conga + Open High Conga
62 Mute Hi Conga + Mute High Conga
61 Low Bongo + Low Bongo
60 Hi Bongo + High Bongo
59 Ride Cymbal 2 + Ride Cymbal2
58 Vibraslap + Vibra-slap
57 Crash Cymbal 2 + Crash Cymbal2
56 Cowbell + Cowbell
55 Splash Cymbal + Splash Cymbal
54 Tambourine + Tambourine
53 Ride Bell + Ride Bell
52 Chinese Cymbal + Chinese Cymbal
51 Ride Cymbal 1 + Ride Cymbal1
50 High Tom + High Tom1
49 Crash Cymbal 1 + Crash Cymbal1
48 Hi-Mid Tom + High Tom2
47 Low-Mid Tom + Mid Tom1
46 Open Hi-Hat + Open Hi-hat
45 Low Tom + Mid Tom2
44 Pedal Hi-Hat + Pedal Hi-hat
43 High Floor Tom + Low Tom1
42 Closed Hi-Hat + Closed Hi-hat
41 Low Floor Tom + Low Tom2
40 Electric Snare + Snare Drum2
39 Hand Clap + Hand Clap
38 Acoustic Snare + Snare Drum1
37 Side Stick + Side Stick
36 Bass Drum 1 + Kick Drum1
35 Acoustic Bass Drum + Kick Drum2
[34 + Metronome Bell
[33 + Metronome Click
[32 + Square Click
[31 + Sticks
[30 + Scratch Pull
[29 + Scratch Push
[28 + Slap
[27 + High Q
Here are the most common MIDI Control Change messages (and #'s), arranged in a chart
that shows their _availability_ in GM, GS, and QTMI. (In terms of GM, however,
a "YES" indicates that this controller is recommended/"required" by the
GM standard and thus can be considered universal to all GM-compatible machines. But a GM module
presumably can have many more features than these minimum standards require.) Note,
too, that some controllers are used in conjunction with one or two others: these
"sets" have been kept together, to the detriment of the numerical order.... Finally,
polyphony, pitch bend, and channel pressure features are also listed, at table's end. . . .
================================================================
Controller (#/Name) GM QTMI GS: SC-55mkII
==================== ====== ====== ===============
0/32 BANK SELECT NO YES YES
1 MODULATION YES YES YES
7 VOLUME YES YES YES
11 EXPRESSION YES YES YES
8 BALANCE NO NO NO
10 PANPOT YES YES YES
64 HOLD PEDAL YES YES YES
65 PORTAMENTO NO YES YES
5 PORTAMENTO TIME NO YES YES
84 PORTAMENTO CONTROL NO YES YES
66 SUSTENUTO NO NO YES
67 SOFT PEDAL NO NO YES
68 LEGATO PEDAL NO NO NO
91 EFFECTS LEVEL 1 NO YES-> YES (Reverb)
93 EFFECTS LEVEL 3 NO YES-> YES (Chorus)
99/98 NRPN NO NO* YES
6 DATA ENTRY NO NO* YES
101/100 RPN** YES YES YES
6 DATA ENTRY YES YES YES
120 ALL SOUNDS OFF NO YES YES
121 RESET ALL CONTROLLERS YES YES YES
123 ALL NOTES OFF YES YES YES
POLYPHONY 24 24 28
PITCH BEND YES YES YES
CHANNEL PRESSURE YES NO YES
--------
* Now acknowledges GM & GS resets . . .
** Pitch Bend Sensitivity & Tuning stuff
tgannon2@unl.edu